To give you an idea of the staggering amount of plastic pollution in the oceans, here are some statistics courtesy of Plastic Oceans:
-- We produce over 300 million tons of plastic every year.
-- 50% of this is for single-use purposes. We might make use of the plastic for just seconds, but it can last for
hundreds of years on Earth.
-- More than 8 million tons of plastic is dumped into the ocean annually.
-- 33% of marine species have been found tangled in some type of plastic litter.
-- Over 90% of all seabirds have plastic in their stomachs.
-- 40% of all plastic usage is accounted for by packaging products.
-- 500 billion plastic bags are used globally every year. This is over one million bags every minute.
-- In the last 10 years, we have produced more plastic than in the entire last century.
THE GREAT PACIFIC GARBAGE PATCH
According to The Ocean Cleanup, one area where plastic has accumulated called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is the largest in the world, measuring twice the size of Texas or 1.6 million square kilometers. At the time scientists did a sample, they found that there were more than 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic floating in the patch that weighed around 80,000 tons. This is equivalent to the weight of 500 Jumbo Jets. Furthermore, they said that 1.8 trillion is a mid-range estimate, and it could be as high as 3.6 trillion pieces.
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is created from an ocean gyre in the central North Pacific. When various ocean currents meet, they form a swirling vortex, which prevents the plastic from moving out of the oceans onto shores where it can be cleaned up. The garbage patch was first discovered in the mid-1980s and is approximately halfway between California and Hawaii. Since the garbage patch is twice the size of Texas, space satellites can easily detect it.
THE OCEAN CLEANUP CREATES SPECIAL OCEAN CLEANUP TECHNOLOGY TO RID THE OCEANS OF PLASTIC
“We need to respect the oceans and take care of them as if our lives depended on it. Because they do.” – Sylvia Earle
Last September, The Ocean Cleanup, a company committed to ridding the oceans of plastic debris, started a massive project using advanced technology to clean trash floating in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. They deployed a floating boom system from San Francisco Bay to start performing testing before beginning the project. On their website, the company estimates that their systems can clean 50% of the garbage patch in the Pacific every 5 years.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
The company was founded by 18-year-old Dutch inventor Boyan Slat in 2013. Their mission is to use “advanced technologies to rid the world’s oceans of plastic.” They will use dozens of floating booms to trap floating plastic and carry it out of the oceans. Each boom will capture up to 150,000 pounds of plastic per year as they float between California and Hawaii along the currents.
The floating boom systems were towed out 1,400 miles to the garbage patch last October to start the process of collecting plastic and other trash. The boom was designed to drift along with the currents, creating a U-shape. This helps clean up the trash efficiently since it can move with the motion of the currents.
The booms have 10 feet of netting below them to collect the smaller pieces of plastic that can’t be collected otherwise. After the boom fills up completely with trash, a fleet will come out to the boom to transport the plastic back to land for sorting and recycling. Of course, the possibility of collecting fish as well as plastic exists, but the company hopes that by making the netting 10 feet deep, fish can still pass under it comfortably.